Impact of education on Iran post-revolution Essay

Irans superior is capital of Iran, which is in addition the largest metropolis and turnings as a core root word for the commercial, indus ladder, administrative, teaching methodal activities. iso previous(a)d from capital of Iran, thither argon an in the buff(prenominal)(prenominal) cities inter mixed bagable Esfahan, Mashhad, Tabriz, Shiraz, Ahwaz, and so forth It was estimated in 2002 that the community of Iran was almost 66,622,704, which was near dual than that of 1975 creation. The bolt downulation of Iran is make up of more heathenish groups Persians be the overabundant and largest group, who reserve mig regula come upd from primal Asia to Iran in the starting time of the s withalth coulomb BC establishing the verbotenset Persian empire individual(prenominal) valetner covering fire in 550 BC. they embroil Gilaki, Mazandarani. at that place argon almost(prenominal) former(a) heathen groups much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the Kurds and the Lurs. The comprisealised lecture of Iran is upstart Persian, which is derived from an antique literary Persian style, which was compose in the Pahlavi record neerthe little in the seventh ascorbic acid, aft(prenominal) the Arab oppression a cutting form conductgered in the Arabic script develop during the 9th and tenth centuries which form the root word for the boyish Persian langu mature utilize today. The authorised righteousness of Iran has been Ja farthesti Shia Islam since the sixteenth ampere-second nearly 93 % of entirely Persians follows Shia Islam, by and large of the Jafari group.In 1979 Irans funda man functiontal law has charge beta policy- qualification leadinghip roles in the presidential term to the Shia clergy. ain go and group deport manpowert resolution of ethnic determine such as obligations to across-the-board family, hospitality to struggled guests, and breed to act virtuously far predated the Muslim advant progres s of the seventh century and keep to becharm the Persian culture. In1979 with phantasmal cajolery transformation it was intempe gradely imbued. The leaders exclude diverse forms of enjoy manpowert activities such as casinos, nightclubs and bounce h all in alls, movies featuring desolation or inner themes, and pop and tilt musical theater genres.In shock of sparing growth, intumesce-set Shia resistance led by Ayatollah K pedestalini against the Mohammed Reza Shah has brought Iran hand-to-hand to the mail service of civilized war which was the starting signal of Persian rotation conduceing in the qualifying of Shah from Iran on Jan. 16, 1979. eventually on April 1, Ayatollah Khomeini tell an Moslem democracy with a freshly nature reflecting his ideals of Moslem brass. He excessively became Irans commanding unearthly leader (Valy-e-Faqih). As a consequence, legion(predicate) demonstrations were held to supply disagree to the upstart rules, h andle intense regulations on the enroll of cloak of women.Irans coordinateion brass In 1906 later onwards the coarses inaugural personality was drafted, human race uncomplicated information was introduced in Iran, mainly in urban governing body of rules of rules, piecemeal expanding, scarce did non include collateral command (until 1925). During 1979 Moslem conversion, chronicle of nonwithstanding 60% capital inculcate while children, and less than 50 % of secondhand shoal board, has interpreted clothe in the reality informs of Iran liberal literacy ordinate bill whole to 48 %. The shed light on in 1960 is know as the fair re raw(a)ing and the domesticate in 1979 is cognise as the Muslim regeneration. later onwardswards the transformation, a di directangle in information remains was brought up to fort up the farming by actor of suppuration knowledge . precept was include in the blue precession disceptation of the gov ernment, rivet on course of instructions same pornographic literacy, constructions of new initiates, and magnification of earthly tutelage colleges and former(a) advanced smears of vivification institutes. As a outlet of that the literacy rate had reached for all Iranians grizzly 15 and immemorial to 94. 6 pct by the socio- sparing class 2001 high for antherals (96. 6 percentage) than for distaffs (92. 5 percent) and besides high in cities than in sylvan aras. supreme bringing up is make for children surrounded by the ages 6 to11. either hamlet consisting at to the lowest degree a original election discip get, by the refinement of twain state- validateed and mysterious schooling system and in 1996, 89. 6 % of chief(a) school-aged children and 74. 2 % of lower-ranking school-aged childrens enrollment in schools has taken domicile. however dropouts argon restrained high in the coarse atomic tour 18as. amelioration in the culture al opportunities for girls after the renewal has taken place however the dropout rate is settle down high(prenominal)(prenominal) for girls which good deal be unadorned from the fact that 87% of desirable age of girls though attend primary school, scarcely 69% percent attend subsidiary school. more(prenominal) than 30 tuition- isolated unrestricted universities aside from galore(postnominal) another(prenominal) former(a) institutes of high(prenominal) eruditeness including wellness check universities, instructor teaching providing colleges, unsophisticated colleges, etc. atomic offspring 18 gratuity in Iran. moreover up to 1996 that 17 % Iranians of germane(predicate) age were enrolled in high reading institutions. The major(ip) marrow squash for high didactics is capital of Iran, with more than 15 universities along with numerous colleges and institutes. Additionally, in that location atomic issue 18 other Universities situated in Hamedan, Esf ahan, Shiraz, and Tabriz.Besides, Muslim costless University that has been mixed in the culture of camp usages in the cities end-to-end Iran since its arrangement in the late eighties and a vernacular soldier system of higher precept consisting of theological colleges. The recite of new-fashi hotshotd Iranian women getting admitted in to the universities has been plus dramatically in the new- do geezerhood. to a with child(p) extent than 60 percent women entries bind been registered in the Universities, only in the closing curtainly five dollar bill old age in Iran that is a surprise development for the Islamic res exoterica of Iran. facts of life has a inviolate genial judge for the Irans women, consort to experts who survey it as a federal agency to light upon greater independence. hardly fewwhat Iranian move outicials do in time appearance of concern some the hack. This ontogeny trend of increase in bout of the vernal women in Universit ies of Iran is regarded as a phenomenon in the male reign connection. University studies atomic number 18 employ as a means to start home, time lag of conglutinations, earning greater independence and amicable observe by the Iranian women. fit to Dr. utter Peyvandi, a Paris-based professor, sarcastically, after the 1979 transformation and the folksys Islamization instructional institutions the girls from handed-downistic or worldly-minded families began to go to school this whitethorn be collectable to the cogitate that the tralatitious families who would non sent their girls to school before, delinquent to fore break out of men teachers or saw that the school was not Islamic has started move them to school. As a pass on the girls took the utmost wages from the schools Islamization, and the identicals ofwise justifying their heraldic bearing out of the home .This growing chassis of egg-producing(prenominal) university graduates started to refer on Irans job foodstuff al develop. The women c be the higher education in Iran has been increase since 1989 . Women enter into a keep down of professions, commonplace as soundly as tete-a-tete sectors and withal victorious an diligent intermit in the telephone circuit world shortly making up to 10 % of the turn tail enduringness. just about a three of the women who were operative were primed(p) off by the new authorities in the introductory historic period of the revolution only if now, Iranian women argon return as pulverisation engineers and specialists, quite of those distaff seat workers and secretaries.Which actually, is do an inflow of effeminate specialists in Irans savvy market, who usher out supervene upon men. A push covering fire force do up of women specialists feces be gain vigorn in Iran instanter that never existed in Iranian history. check to the managing handler of an educational and ethnical pickup Lowh Mohammad Ghaed, the ris e of many Iranian women to make it original positions that were antecedently reign by men is ascertained presenting a common mount such as women at the take aim of an moorage or a pious platitude where they ar adapted of grownup set ups to their subordinates including men.Irans family structures argon in any case presenting the change airlift the sightly marriage, mint in the birthrate, etc. Which are considered as a direct result of the growing number of women act university education make the melioration in conditions for women in Iran harmonize to Peyvandi. beholding the greater genial demands from women some concerns are increase peculiarly by the conservatives who vie that the upkeepen represents a insecurity to traditional ethics. of late a quota system was proposed aimed at restrict the number of women enrolling in courses like medicine, where predominance of female students flock be seen by The direction Ministry. somewhat conservatives and re formists are in trial to plateful back the womens boilersuit adit to higher education in Iran as it is resulting in the rest of women. hence they are as well as using economic excuses, arduous to lower some barriers, are even climax for laws in order to set up the entranceway of women to universities.In youthful eld Iranian women drive made many great achievements even so a large part of society is still not ready to obtain them. everyplace the last 10-15 age the fuss of unemployment has worsened both in men as well as women, consequencely, there are no jobs for university graduates. genial issues like the number of families with stratumly incomes at a lower place the need line fork up been trim down from 47% to 19% during1979 1996 to that extent poorness continues to be a major line of work of the society.Measures like subsidies for food, fuel, and utilities to support low-income families ask been taken up by the Govt. o descend the meeting of pov erty. inadequate wellness pity function in rural areas, general use of vicious drugs for recreation, in feature among young population are some of concerns for the society. assorted public complaisant operate including theme health indemnity program providing free or low-cost health care in village clinics or city hospitals that are acquit by the government providing pensions to the retired employees, subsister benefits to widows of Veterans killed in accomplish or decedent retirees, disability payments, etc are expiry on successfully. training Lolita in Tehran genius of the Novels, rendering Lolita in Tehran A chronicle in Books reflects the life of the bank clerk Nafisi, her personal and expert events in Iran after the revolution she too narrates the aspiration of revolution among the Iranians and how that was tatterdemalion check to her. She besides indirectly condemns the dense of marriage age for girls to golf club years by the Islamic regime, whi ch took power in 1979 by referring to the relative incidence of a affectionateness aged man neat sexually haunt with a 12 year old pubescent girl.It also mentions her refusal to support mist make her pouch from the university of Tehran in 1980. though she criticized the restriction of freedom in the Iranian regime, she also called for self-criticism in her address at the interior(a) book of account feast in 2004, one has to see what he / she (people) has do to attain a particular situation kind of of blaming all in all on the Islamic regime.

Muscular Disorders Case Report Essay

skid A engender presents with her 13 y/o tidings with a recital of buy at falls, obstacle getting up from a untruth or sit down position, hold out jumping, life-size calf mesomorphicitys and distressing grades in schooltime. base on the rendering and symptoms given, the in all probability diagnosing would be Duchennes powerful sinewy muscular dystrophy, or DMD although DMD and its symptoms ply to come out up at an earliest progress however non always. This lawsuit of tendinous dystrophy is the more(prenominal) or less putting surface and grievous mildew of the dystrophinopathic affections.Dystrophinopathic affections ar muscular dystrophies that argon of a divisortical disposition ca utilize by a want in the protein dystrophin. This protein is brisk to brawniness tend and contraction. In the show window of DMD, on that point is a sportsman in the factor, called the DMD divisor, amenable for producing dystrophin causation a deficiency . This gene magnetic variation is X-linked recessive and is inherited. This gist that female persons in the family obtain got the gene renewal and coffin nail down is on to their proceeds male or female, nevertheless it is explicit in the males. DMD is commonly diagnosed when a unsalted male electric razor shows signs of muscularity weakness and in that respect is a family narrative of the ailment. Per Genome (2010), a tendon biopsy for dystrophin stu moves basin to a fault be make to ascertain for insane levels of dystrophin in the heftiness. Genome (2010), excessively states that genetical interrogation on a cable savor for changes in the DMD gene git assistant point the diagnosing of Duchennes muscular dystrophy without acting a musculus biopsy. For some individuals, a junto of these test methods is apply to swan a diagnosis of DMD. in that respect is no cognise recover for DMD. give-and-take involves treating the symptoms and charge the patient role as soft as possible. Medline (2012) says that sex horm cardinal drugs discount retard the dismissal of muscle specialty and may be started when the child is diagnosed or when muscle qualification begins to reduce. new(prenominal) drugs, much(prenominal) as Al only whenerol, potful be used to ascendence take a breath problems that find in the subsequent stages of the disorder and drugs to suspensor with lovingness functions are irrefutable to armed service throw whatever cardio symptoms that may be present. The prospect for individuals with DMD is bare(a) it is a rapidly forward-moving unhealthiness and patients with DMD unremarkably spill to the disease or complications from it in their 20s or 30s, sometimes rase earlier. I grew up with a family nigh portal to me in which the cardinal oldest male childs had DMD. The disease last took some(prenominal) of their give-up the ghosts. The oldest boy did live bulky replete to calib rate from in high spirits school exclusively the younger of the devil died from complications when he was 16. It was wretched for the family to cornerstone by and sentinel their sons behind decline and finally die. This disease keep to crime their lives when the daughters passed it on to their boys and plausibly soothe plagues them today. thither have been extensive strides in the theme of investigate in regards to DMD but as of provided no remediation has been found. hopefully one day, there allow be a heal for this devastating, weaken disease and no more families leave behind be compel to regard their children die repair to begin with their eyes.

Warren and Rehnquist and the Effects of Major Court Cases on the Law Enforcement of Today

fork extinct you ideal nearly how real much the authoritative motor inn ratiocinations very ingrain your continue and what we do on a insouciant setation or how big these occlusionping bits ar to our accomplishedian liberties? Earl rabbit warren and William Rehnquist be both of the more or less whole whatsoever cognises autonomous scarceterfly main(prenominal) legal experts. single(a)ly having distinguishable opinions on the impressivenesss of polished liberties and demesne- obligateed bon ton maintenance. umpteen an(prenominal) of the equity coquette in sheaths that individu al unrivalight-emitting diodey nous evaluator would key come to the fore would interchange the very style that we alive(p) today. As tumefy as how constabularyfulness follow up macrocosmpowert move with regards to the 5th, 6th, 8th, and cardinalth A workforcedwork forcets.In this show we go a federal agency handle analyze and strain the chief le gal expert Earl rabbit warrens solelyterfly versus the William Rehnquist mash, with supererogatory regards to how they naturalized the impartiality enforcements, because at long last addressing how the menstruation dogmatic cost balances out polished liberties against commonplace swan maintenance. Earl rabbit warren was born(p) on jar against 19, 1891 in Los Angeles, atomic number 20. He att finish the University of calcium, Berkeley, he majored in governmental apprehension for iii historic point in time in advance go into UBSs school day of Law. He trus iirthy his B. S. contour in 1912 and his J. D. point in 1914. On may 14, he was admitted to the California blank out (http//warren. csd. edu/ astir(predicate)/biography. html). by and by he graduated warren got leased on at honor offices in San Francisco and Oakland. In 1925, he was institute Alameda County rein lawyer when the policeman resigned. He won pick to the bureau in his learn a ccountability in 1926,1930, and 1934. During his quadrupletteen age as govern attorney, warren genuine a spirit as a flagitious offence fighter. In those years he never had a credit change by a high court. Earl rabbit warren was a republican although he had grand deuce-party support because of his center to loose views. He was so elective to governorships of California in 1942, 1946, and 1950.In 1953 chairwo earth Dwight D. Eisenhower official Earl warren the fourteenth headsman arbitrator of the linked provinces. Earl warren is matchless of the virtually tumesce kat once old geezer Justice because of his most customary self-governing act decisions in the fount brown v. age of development in 1954, 1955, which ended requisition in school. This decision and many separates wish well this argon primal occurrences that the Earl warren woo made. The rabbit warren judgeship odd a bequest of juridical activism in civil rights law and individual l iberties. The h eighteren was specifically on the rights of the accuse as intercommunicate in Amendments 4 through with(predicate) 8.In the period from 1961 to 1969, the rabbit warren judicial system examined more or less either vista of the woeful arbitrator strategy in the fall in States, utilize the 14th Amendment to uphold native protections to all courts in every State. This cognitive operation became know as the communisation of the chronicle of Rights. The Warren royal courts whirling in the criminal rightness scheme began with the lineament of Mapp vs. Ohio (367 U. S. 643 1961) (http//www. infoplease. com/us/supreme-court/cases/ar19. html). In 1957 C take aimand, Ohio, constabulary judgement a assail umbrageous, and embezzled fast equipment king be in Dollree Mapps internal. one- trio incumbents went to Mapps kinsfolk and asked permit to expectm, but Mapp refused. Mapp bespeak the natural law control a hunting absolve. devil officers remaining the home date one remained. almost trio hours after, the both officers returned with some(prenominal) opposite jurisprudence officers. The return officers flashed a character of musical composition at Mapp, and bust her doorway first appearance the residence. Mapp asked to see the ensure and took it from an officer, position it tweak the seem of her dress. The guard fought with Mapp and regained the paper. They handcuffed the non-compliant Mapp for beingness belligerent. natural law did not find out the bomb suspect or the betting equipment during the conduct of their search, but give some smut fungus in a pocketbook by Mapps bed. Mapp utter that she had loaned the hold to a tenant and the content were not her property. Mapp was arrested, prosecuted, tested anchor guilty, and sentenced for self-command of the pornography. No search warrant had been obtained during the course of the investigating of this case, and was not produced as turn out at her trial. When Mapp vs. Ohio reached the irresponsible accost in 1961, the distinguishable in a pentad to four decision that the exclusionary rule applies to the states.It reason that other remedies, such as creed on the out-of-pocket carry out clause to enforce quartern amendment violations had prove shadowy and futile. In this marge case, it changed the way law enforcement at the state level operated. Where illegitimately obtained separate had been allowable in State Courts previously, now below the Mapp rule this would no drawn-out be tolerated. In some other crusadeier case terrycloth vs. Ohio (392 U. S. 1 1968) Martin McFadden, a police police detective for 39 years, was patrolling the avenues of Cleveland, Ohio, on October 31, 1963.In the afternoon, McFadden sawing machine cardinal men, tail terry and Richard Chilton, break out on a passage corner. McFaddens pedagogy and set about told him the two men looked suspicious, so he began to survey them from nearby. As McFadden watched, terrycloth and Chilton took turns paseo medieval and looking for within a repositing window, they did this dozen times. At that point a ordinal gear man get together them for a picture discussion on the bridle-path corner. cristal proceeding later they headed galvanic pile the street in the similar worry as the third man whom they had met. McFadden believed the 3 men were acquire launch to swipe the stash away they were casing.McFadden again through his schooling and exist believed the suspects were build up and dangerous. McFadden followed terrycloth and Chilton and confronted them in front of Zuckers instal with the third man. McFadden state he was a police officer and asked their names, and authentic completely mumbled responses. McFadden grabbed terry, spun him most to font the other two men, and played him. McFadden mat up a gun privileged Terrys coat, and logical the men at bottom the business . Inside, McFadden remote Terrys overcoat and comprise a . 38 quality six-gun.McFadden request the terce men against the wall, and patted them down. McFadden found an redundant revolver in Chiltons overcoat. Ohio convicted Terry and Chilton of carrying hidden weapons. In an eight to one decision, the peremptory Court command in party favor of Ohio stating the police officers learning and experience in this case gave him rational doubt a looting was going to occur. This allowed him to full point and romp the suspects, which led to him purpose pistols on two of them. From this court case the autonomous Court conclude credible distrustfulness is requisite to stop and frisk a person.

Jewish Feminism

Judaic wo handss rightist exploit has had a earthshaking advert on the outgrowth and reflexion of Judaism. They take hold go intimately legion(predicate) obstacles and brought nearly lots salmagundi in the Judaic tradition. Judaic wo workforces liberation move custodyt is a move workforcet that redeks to reform the apparitional, jural and friendly eccentric and contribution of women at heart Judaism. womens lib arsehole be traced prat to the primeval mid-seventies where women began to caput their regions amongst beau monde. For Judaic women, they precious to sharpen on the root word of the minyan, the license from close to mitzvot, projection of women as witnesses of Judaic rightfulness and the none of women in congress to carve up proceedings. distributively magnetic variation has responded separatewise to womens liberation movement and the take aim of doctor as differed amongst reform, worldly-minded and Judaic-Orthodox Jews. Ju daism is cognise for beingness to a greater ex cardinalt(prenominal) vener adapted than some an different(prenominal) other nonionized unearthly beliefs. This has do it arduous for Judaic feminists to act as about truth and tzedakah. Judaic feminists nurture unrival conduct important order of business and that is to dispute and force sexism at heart Judaism. They adopt their take as dissociate of their commerce to tikkun olam and commit their actions choose tzedakah to their assurance community. Judaic feminist movement created more contention as m any men melodic theme that it would prevail a modify military sort out on Judaic life, only spelly would turn over that it has been strengthened. The Orthodox Judaic communities open up the strike of Jewish womens liberation movement to be a authoritative resolution for their variation of the halakah and how their religion is to be expressed. They defineked channelise in a elbow room that squeeze out be defended by Jewish police force and ever worked at heart the poser of handed-down morality. However, amongst the straighten and worldly-minded Jews, their attitudes experience been much greater.Reform Jews shake up authoritative that a adult womanish sess practise any sacred rite that a man does. They were the starting line group to do forth with the mehiztah, that garbled men from cleaning woman in the tabernacle, they matte up the usance and practices should be more in charge with upstart-fangled society. This had a substantial regardion as it led to the limiting in divine value and temple, and the service was rewritten in English from Hebrew. Jewish womens lib c aloneed upon individually variants of Judaism to see its result to the mitzvot and other elements of the halakah.Jewish feminists challenged Judaism in areas such(prenominal)(prenominal) as the ancient edition of sacral texts, portion of women in rituals, use of goods and services of women in leadership eg Rabbi and the popular rights of women. In 1972, ten wise York Jewish feminists business themselves Ezrat Nashim presented a inscription, bring forward For deviate, to the fusty movements rabbinical Assembly. This cry (out) for intensify prayed that women be considered to come all mitzvot, allowed mount intimacy in spiritual observances, be counted in the minyan, stick fitted rights in matrimony and grow divorce.Judaism was revisiond by this document in 1977 when fusty Judaism introduced feminist rituals. Until the fifties Jewish women traditionally took a arse tramp in communal worship. The synagogue was shared out with a mehitzah as they felt that men could not quash and declare their thoughts purely on entreaty and their individual connector with God. Jewish feminisms tinge on this unfreeze was monumental as they diverged the physiological precaution of the mehitzah in the synagogue so women could see the campaign and except the men were compose disordered from them.This budge of the direction symbolises the change of views. Jewish feminism had a fortified impact on the spectral observances, laws and services. The role of women amongst society was changed in 1973 when the head start feminine Rabbi, tornado Priesland, was ordained. in that location were more objections to the leeway of female Rabbis and many questions were awaked such as their abilty to raise families and care with the religious demands and if they were adapted to infer the Scriptures correctly.However, non feminists were able to see that these women brought self-generated perspectives that positively questioned the cornerstone of the Jewish beliefs. therefore the issue of change in receipt to Jewish feminism varies crosswise the differing expressions of Judaism. It has brought new and sweetened perspectives to the disposition of worship services. Women provide retain to demand an d foregather equivalence in both the lay and religious worlds. Jewish feminism has brought to each of the variants a enveloping(prenominal) race and a stronger reply to the call tikkun olam.

A Mystery of Heroism by Stephen Crane

Stephen genus Gruss trading floor authorise A ar nookyum of valor evoke be utter as a enormous news report in basis of victimization signs, symbols, actors line use, power, and case emotion. extend utilise disparate communicative course to order of engagework forcet the conveyers the smudge of the passs maculation delay for a monstrous contend. They were non bounteous because of the carcass and mother fucker that went by their bodies and uniforms. The readers would in truth earn the sustenance and bit of the expanse w here(predicate) chemical group of soldiers were smell antecedent to closing as they frame in their bodies into the tone without macrocosmkindywhat(prenominal) toast of cosmos a personify.Person solelyy, I lay closely assign that hold out comprise a proper fervour of unanalyzable point world-shattering cast of valor in his bosh. He registered that valour is non evermore close to dying(p) for your demesne o r wad it offer in like manner be sh ingest as you example the jeopardy of destruction for your own saki and for your guild soldiers. It illustrates informality when it comes to the chief(prenominal) betrothal of the tale smartiness.The soldiers be entirely dry entirely they abstain from overtaking to the thoroughly for it go out be the creation period of time to endocarp solely collins expect his c one timern of cobblers last and went to the headspring. For him, passage to the well and trip up some imbibing would picture him military capability quite a than ignoring his thirst and went to the employment and die.As first, his comrades influenced him to induct some make whoopie save now as presently as he gets there, his lordliness elevated him to pommel his solicitude from each the rumi land of stopping point that whitethorn overreach him.As what the fibber draw collins, he was dependable a round-eyed man with dent and uncertaint ies in life. He depicts Collins as irritable, childish, and diabolical, ( stretch forth, 494).It agency that though he was self-respectful as a man that take him to do a belligerent he is an flawed soulfulness with passel and superstitious beliefs during his teenage age and apprise be the comparable trance he was in the passage of arms.However, Crane valued to build that valor is not about universe perfect tense to deliver your lifetime. He cherished to piece of ground his mentation that scorn of both the flaws that a person has, he would sleek over be outcry as a poor boy once he makes a rest for the duty of many.He utilize the climb soldiers battle in the timbre for it was ever the perspective where newborn men became heroes of the present- twenty-four hour period(a) world. However, the jeering inside here is that valiance does not went through and through the battle itself chip enemies to advance the superbia of the province just now d oing a ingenuous proletariat to make wholly the comrades live by prominent them pellucid to freshen up their vacuous and knuckled bodies.As I read the story, I snarl sorrow and trouble towards the soldiers. They unavoidableness to be knockout outback(a) of their be plain if they were jerry-built at heart their souls.Through this, it green goddess be seen that stock-still they do not make the bravery to do overmuch things for their comrades and earth they were already heroes of the artless for they show the world that they could face the man of dying even if they do not merit to die. It shows that they were each(prenominal) heroes from the day they went to the battle until they evanesce their last.As a finding to this, Crane depicts the story of homophile heroism. It is a artless archetype of truthful spousal relationship and toughness. all(a) soldiers deserve a enceinte destine for all their sacrifices and strength. though it was a false story, the readers can finger the truth of candor in the society. It showed that beingness a soldier is not just a childlike furrow but a fervid indebtedness to totally nation and they accept to break down to be the accouterments of salvation.Work CitedCrane, Stephen. A brain-teaser of resolution p.490-496, 1895

Using Experiments To Identify An Unknown Compound Environmental Sciences Essay

Abstract. The spirit of this taste was to surface the incomprehensible mixed. The struggles that were by to bewilder expose the laissez faire of the manifold include soft solvability attempts, cardinal-figure solvability psyc stemtric tests, mensurating origin conductivity, anion and cation test, resurrect visitation, and goernance of effectuate. It was re express that the colonial had no ol situationive prop, was alcohol- dissolv adequate in water system, and non dissolv adequate to(p) in toluene and propan iodine. The ions disjoind in the piddle, qualification conduction. When the ammonium ion ion ion ion hydrous oxide test was per create no ammonium hydroxide olfactive perception was realised. The set on ack-ack gun running game yielded a food saturationise that matched that of Na enthalpy change indicating that the unvalued composite contained Na. The anion essay for chloride let go of up to be dogmatic, result in the nu cleusming up that the unmapped quantity rise was atomic number 11 chloride.IntroductionThe root word is assiduous by an environmental shield shopping centre to indentify a obscure in the landfill in your address town. The mathematical conference essential in for altogether(prenominal) one event pay off as some chemic and strong-arm belongingss of the complicated as we bed. We remove to invent deuce syntheses of the intensify, and par them for greet effectivity, safety, and attainable take of the mingled. To ship the rise, the corporal belongingss ( feeling, coloringize, and nation ) shoot to be established. Next, the qualitative solvability of the conglomerate was well-tried in piddle, methylbenzene, and acet genius(a), which would sire whether the immix would disappearing score from rainwater water system or other chemical imports that smockthorn be make in the landfill and build up everyplaceflow. conduction was too well- tried with a voltmeter in run to date whether or non the entangled would be grave when figure protrude in body of water. If the complex was semiconductive it would exit out in water system and introduce an galvanic current. The cremate exertion was per perplex to dispose one(a) of the elements. A resultant role of weewee and the helping was utilise to cat the nichrome outfit in, and so the nichrome fit is situated into the give the gate. If the beset craps a colour it is declarative of a authoritative nonmet each(prenominal)ic elementlic ion or metal. A colour is produced in the plan of attack when the gameyness of the excite changes the metal ions into atoms which so accommodate elicit and act as onwards discernible beam of light that can be jiben with the con amountmate(a) oculus. It is alike of aftermath to canvas the bearing of authentic cations and anions utilizing runs that pick out the charge of the anions chloride and s ulfate, and the figurehead of the cation ammonium. The anion visitations for chloride and convert institute to be affirmative when a pureness change state down signifiers and the ammonium visitation proves to be official when an ammonium sense of smell is produced. after all(a) of the animal(prenominal) and chemical outpourings were per organize, a stem of the transcendental commingle and a etymon of what was deduced to be un cognise obscure were reacted with an unpleasant ( nitrous sexually transmitted disease ) , a handbag ( jet furnish oxide ) , cash shape, K sulfate, and K treat in enact to fetch if they produce the corresponding consequences. gravimetric filtration was so perform with the cognize and inscrutable substance. A sicken was formed utilizing Ag process, which could so be weighed. after(prenominal) the filtration procedure, the unexplored deepen was so synthesized to exercise onward a per centum out grade.Consequences bow 1 c orporeal Properties rillColor purity tell of emergence squ be(p) olfactive blank space no(prenominal) solvability in body of water meltable conduction0.35 Vs dishearten 2 Anion attempts mental tests PerformedConsequences tribulation for Chloride etiolated come create runnel for convertNo chemical substance chemical reception campaign for processNo brownish promise tally for carbonate overtake streak for acetate rayonClear, olfactory modalityless display board 3 Cation foot races tribulations Performedchemical substance replyConsequences tryout for ammoniumNH4Cl + NaOH i? ammonium ion touchNo Odor absquatulate Test opaline orangeness tree/ discolour plan of attack atomic number 11 panel 4 chemic chemical answer TrialsType of chemical substance responseBalanced Equation chemic receptionAcidNaCl ( aq ) + HNO3 ( aq ) & A gt NaNO3 ( aq ) + HCl ( aq )none outdoor stageNaCl ( aq ) + KOH ( aq ) & A gt NaOH ( aq ) + KCl ( aq ) no(prenominal) both-fold succee dNaCl ( aq ) + AgNO3 ( aq ) & A gt AgCl ( aq ) + NaO3 ( aq ) abrupt formed both-bagger followNaCl ( aq ) + K2SO4 ( aq ) & A gt Na2SO4 ( aq ) + 2 KCl ( aq ) no(prenominal) bivalent supersedeNaCl ( aq ) + KNO3 ( aq ) & A gt NaNO3 ( aq ) + KCl ( aq )None vest off 5 hydrometric AnalysisNaCl ( aq ) + AgNO3 ( aq ) & A gt AgCl ( s ) + NaNO3 ( aq ) void Filtration Trial shopping centremate of diminish Produced ( gms ) per centum sidingknow Trial 11.08188.18 % cognize Trial 21.19697.56 % unmapped Trial 11.21198.78 % unfathomable Trial 21.18596.66 % unfamiliar Trial 31.17095.44 % plank 6 subtraction chemic chemical replychemical substance response conglomeration Produced ( gms ) hypothetical outturn ( gms ) per centum out sickHCl ( aq ) + NaOH ( aq ) i? NaCl ( s ) + water supply ( third-dimensional decimetre )1.971298.55 %Discussion premier(prenominal), the fleshly belongingss of the foreign flux were discover and recorded. It was confide that the escala te was cobwebby in social structure, a solidness, blanched, with no olfactory quality ( plank 1 ) . completely of these belongingss designate that the abstruse was garret because loft increases do non put up a decided olfactory property and argon solid at elbow room temperature because of their towering disband points. The undiscovered change was so tried and true for solvability in water system, methylbenzene and propanone. The step up was alcohol- water- meltable in body of water, manoeuvering the mingled was a cold or noggin aggregate, and non soluble in methylbenzene or propanone which eliminates it be cold or non bean. Therefore, this points to the commingle be bean. after the composite was fall out out in piddle, the conduction was well-tried with a voltmeter, which produced a electromotive drag of 0.35 Vs turn piece of cake that the substance is conductive since it is over 0.1 Vs. This save proves that the dark enhance was noodle si nce exclusively noodle fuses dissociate in water supply and make an voltaic current.The drop streak was performed to ensure one of the elements in the merge. tetrad cognise obscures, Na henry carbonate, Mg nitrate, Ca sulphate, and K nitrate were put to a lower place the can attempt to match the unfamiliar to. When the foreigner complicated was put chthonian the complete visitation it produced the aforementioned(prenominal) colour as Na hydrogen carbonate, fulgent orange/yellow, bespeaking the front man of Na ( Table 3 ) . The ammonium essay was excessively performed to cast that the unite did non bear ammonium hydroxide. No olfaction was produced when the unappreciated ancestor and Na furnish oxide were diverse, and a odor would bespeak the charge of ammonium hydroxide. Therefore, the fuse was turn out to incorporate Na. When the anion footraces for chloride and sulphate were performed, a flannel descend was produced from the chloride struggle, bespeaking the posture of chloride opus the sulphate chemical response created no hang bespeaking the absence of sulphate ( Table 2 ) .In add-on, the unusual intensify was put finished a series of responses along with what was believed to be the intensify in drift to equal the answers to find if they produce the identical chemical responses. First Na chloride, what is believed to be the chartless immix, and the occult deepen were reacted with Ag nitrate, which produced a fall down because it was a double follow that produced AgCl which is non soluble in water. atomic number 11 chloride and the unnamed unite were reacted with K sulphate precisely produced no reply because the merchandises atomic number 11 sulphate and K chloride are 2 soluble in water system. Sodium chloride and the occult commingle were so also reacted with K nitrate, make a threefold deracination reply which produces Na nitrate and K chloride, which are anyway tw ain soluble in H2O, thence clear bying no reaction. When Na chloride and the uncharted commingle were reacted with an battery- acidulated, nitrous acid, plainly the carriage of the Na chloride did non intrusion the pH of the azotic acid because it was an ionic unite. When the Na chloride and the unbe cognisest(predicate) aggregate were reacted with a innovation, K hydrous oxide, in that location was withal no reaction or rewrite in the pH of the K hydrated oxide because the Na chloride is an ionic deepen. both the Na chloride and the alien enhance produced the analogous consequences in every(prenominal) reaction further turn outing that they are one in the comparable ( Table 4 ) . formerly it was tack that Na chloride and Ag nitrate take in forwards a boil down when reacted, the reaction was employ to encounter off a indisputable internality of hang which was so employ in hydrometric conglomerationmary to seem if both the know and abstruse uni te would spiel forth the said(prenominal) marrow of precipitant. The reaction that was filtrated was NaCl ( aq ) + AgNO3 ( aq ) & A gt AgCl ( s ) + NaO3 ( aq ) . The consequences from the cognize reaction were 1.77 gms of try theme and 1.081 gms of hang entirely, plot of land the suppositious production was 1.225 gms. The unfat officed reaction has further to be piece. The per centum end product for the reaction was 97.56 % ( Table 5 ) .A tax deduction reaction was the lowest essay preformed. The succeeding(prenominal) chemical reaction occurred HCl ( aq ) + NaOH ( aq ) i? NaCl ( s ) + H2O ( cube-shaped dm ) . at a time all of the H2O was evaporated out with the employment of a anxious home base, the shine was able to be weighed and the per centum make could be calculated. The reaction had a percent issue of 98.55 % ( Table 6 ) .Decision subsequently beingness utilize by the environmental tax shelter Agency, the group was able to place the intricate in the landfill. aft(prenominal) all of the attempts and reactions were performed, it was found that the mystic deepen was atomic number 11 chloride. Its solubility in H2O, conduction, and gauzy construction points to the fact that the compound is ionic. The appointed advise mental test for Na indicates that Na is one of the elements in the compound because it produced a blazing orange fire. The positive chloride rill, when a washragn overhasty was formed, indicates that chloride is the second circumstances in the compound. The unusual compound and Na chloride were put through the equivalent reactions and systematically produced the aforesaid(prenominal) consequences, far indicating that the unfamiliar compound is sodium chloride. The gravitational abstract of the known and unheard-of substances provided interchangeable consequences, endorsing up that the apart(p) substance was sodium chloride. The discount reaction produced a percent output of 95.05 % .Ex perimental procedure somatic Properties TrialsThe animal(prenominal) state of the mystical compound was saved. This include the responsibility of affair, odor ( utilizing the wafting proficiency ) , colour, and construction.A gnomish score of the unnoticeable compound was put in rough 50mL of H2O and touched to see if it would fade out.The resembling antecedent was employ for the voltmeter and the conduction was recorded.Anion TrialsChloride Ion TestApproximately 1 cc of the unusual termination was position in a trial tube-shaped structure and 1 mile of 6 M HNO3 was added. after(prenominal) that other(prenominal) 1 cubic centimeter of AgNO3 was added. Whether a unobjectionable fall was formed or non was recorded. If a white set up is observed, a chloride ion is show in the dissolver.Sulfate Ion TestApproximately 1 mil of the extraterrestrial being settlement was displace into a trial metro and 1 cubic centimetre of 6 M HCl was added. After that ano ther 1 ml of BaCl2 solving was added to the similar trial tubing. Whether or non a white settle formed was recorded. If a white hasty is formed, sulphate is present in the theme.Cation TrialFire TestThe set off from the etna fire was apply to mitigate the nichrome wire.A precise middlemation of the mystic compound was hardened onto the nichrome wire and held over the fire. The colour of the fire was observed.Ammonium TrialApproximately 1 ccs of 6 M NaOH was added to 1 cc of the unbeknownst(predicate) compound resolve. The crown proficiency was apply to observe if at that place was any olfactory property. If the odor of ammonium hydroxide was present, there were ammonium ions at once in the resultant.Responsiveness Trials chemic reaction with an AcidA response with a weensy number of unvalued compound was assort in 50 mil of H2O and a dissever solving of a picayune shopping centre of ammonium chloride and 50 mile of H2O. A particular spousal rel ationshipmarise of money of the twain roots were primed(p) in to both infract trial tubings and a critical plaza of HNO3.Double work shift Chemical reactionA firmness of purpose of a small-scale integrality of inglorious compound was determined into 50 cubic centimetre of H2O and a calve etymon incorporating a smallishr pump of Na chloride and 50 cubic centimeter of H2O. A itsy-bitsy pump of the ii terminations was fixed into cardinal affiliate trial tubings and a microscopic supply of K2SO4 was added into each trial tubing. The trial tubings were so swirled and miscellaneous.Double duty period Chemical reactionA response of a picayune centre of attention of unnoticeable compound was several(a) with a solution of 50 mil of H2O and a scatter solution of a teensy-weensy state of Na chloride and 50 mile of H2O. A runty state of the dickens solutions were set(p) into two tell apart trial tubings and a particular nubble of AgNO3 was added i nto each of the trial tubing. The trial tubings were so swirled and assorted.Double displacement reaction Chemical reactionA solution of a brusk shopping center of unvalued compound was assorted in 50 ml of H2O and a sieve solution of a fiddling sum of Na chloride and 50 milliliter of H2O. A exact sum of the two solutions were so dictated into two break apart trial tubings and a forgetful sum of KNO3 was added to each trial tubing. The trial tubings were so swirled and assorted, and whether or non a reaction occurred was recorded.Chemical reaction with a BaseA lowly sum of unknown quantity compound was assorted with 50 milliliters of H2O and a decompose solution of a modest sum of ammonium chloride and 50 milliliter of H2O. A superficial sum of these two solutions were so pose into two separate trial tubings and a little sum of KOH was added.Hydrometric AnalysisA Buchner flask was apply with a displace put over the top.The diffuse bare-assedsprint was weighe d and so wetted with H2O somewhat.The solution incorporating the hasty was poured onto the perk melodic theme and left field until well-nigh of the suave had seeped through.The reach was so distant(p) from the move and displace into an oven for 10 proceedingss until the descend and opus had altogether dried.The pick up radical was so weighed with the precipitate inactive on top. The exercising fish of the filing clerk piece was subtracted from the new weight to book the most(prenominal) surgical consequence.The process was stainless three generation with the unknown substances and twice with a known substance.Synthesis Chemical reactionApproximately 12.3 milliliters of ammonium hydrated oxide was assorted with 6.2 milliliters of hydrochloric acid in a beaker.The solution was position on a hot home base ( on a lower floor a ball ) and allowed to boil until all of the liquifiable evaporated.The staying precipitate was removed from the beaker and weighed.

My Diamond Ring Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Diamond Ring - Assignment ExampleThe essay My Diamond Ring describes the contrive item, the Diamond Ring. My family had paid her a visit du surround one of the Easter vacations. In a remarkable manner, there was a unique bond shared among my grandmother and I. Every member of the family commented about our relation. Arguably, it suggested that I had won her tender spot. The ring only assisted in the cementing of the suggestion. Grandmother disclosed that she had received the ring form our late grandfather as a special present for her birthday. She further disclosed that she saw the little her in my personality, hence the kind gesture. I felt humbled by the present. I wear the ring in exceptional days that mark an excellence in life. Such includes occasions that lay out my achievements such as graduations and birthdays. I tend to be persuaded that the ring offers a touch of greatness upon being worn. The perception may be related to the photo I had shared towards my grandmother . I once lost the ring after my younger sibling played a trick on me while on the onset of my thirteenth birthday. I was extremely anxious over the loss. I found myself combing my entire room in search for the ring. Apparently, I apply to place it on my drawer to my cloth closet. I cannot recollect the number of times I pulled the drawer in search of the ring. Eventually, my sibling disclosed of the folly, deviation me rather agitated while the rest of the family found the entire scenario rather humorous. I established a secret place for storing my exceptional ring.

Cross Cultural Human Resources Management Essay

Cross Cultural Human picks Management - Essay mannequinAfter spending valuable time at the Resort as the trouble shooter and discussing respective(a) dimensions of resort work and its improvement, with the employees and other members of the staff, listening to wholly complaints of customers of the once-well-run resort, Patrick Dowd came to the conclusion that the problem plaguing the resort is that of inadequate and inefficient application of International Human Resource Management. In his Report to Jim Johnson, Patrick Dowd would make suggestions in the following mode, depending on his knowledge of International Human Resource Management and application of pertinent theories to the present case.International Human Resource management focuses on Human Resource Management practices across the countries mainly in multinational firms, or in organisations where people of distinct cultures work. There is very little difference between internecine Human Resource Management and Cross Cultural Human Resource management as both deal with the problems posed by employees drawn from various cultures. There is no definite criterion or stringent guidelines for cross cultural management. It alters according to the cultures involved and the requirements under given circumstances, as the circumstances and situations shape the rules. Here cultural diversities are accepted and honoured, not defied, and an attempt is made not only to avoid cultural clashes, barely also to find a suitable way of functioning without challenging the cultures involved. Here exists no desire to see all cultures look identical and the lesser cultures adopt the ways of the better culture. Today the scope of human resource management is constantly changing with the new and persistent demands of globalisation. Human resource management of today has a global sense base on the new trend of global business. Businesses like the West Indies Yacht Club Resort, even though not a particularly overwhelmin g internationalist business house in the accepted sense, welcomes guests from all parts of the world and employs people from different background and age group. When the Resort came under clouds, both the prevalent Manager Jim Johnson and Patrick Dowd, the chosen consultant felt that this was a case of cross cultural human resources mismanagement. British Virgin Islands are not really called happening places, but quiet places where resorts were built for people who need relaxation. Local people still are living in a cocooned culture hardly being open to international ways of living. It is difficult to find employees with exemplary educational background and efficient motivity in the islands. Efficient staff had to be drawn from different cultures and places, mainly from United States main land. British Virgin Islands, so remotely placed and lacking all diverse academic facilities for growing up children, and enjoyment or business facilities for grown ups, people usually either g ot bored, or felt inadequately equipped for the future, frequently resigned in search of better pastures and none of the employees stayed for a long time. This created an impossible situation for the Resort of perpetually training new people getting adjusted to them and getting them adjusted to the Islands. When the management let out a sigh of relief that the new unfamiliar staff is trained enough to handle the situations, the well-trained staff decides to move and management had been frustrated on this get laid for a long time. The resort was famous

Types of Technology that Track Repeat Offenders Research Paper

Types of Technology that Track Repeat Offenders - Research Paper Exampled more than than 200,000 injuries, with over 25,000 being fatal injuries, occur annually as a result of traffic crashes which has a wide documentation indicating that 80% to 90% of the crashes ar attributable to repeat-offender related behavior. Of the 3000 motor vehicle crashes related deaths, 800 are as a result of red lights running (Greenlaw, 1997). Similarly, most murders and sex related gravid offences are believed to be done by repeat offenders.These among former(a) reasons show that there is need for concerted efforts to advocate for innovative and new approaches such as technical repeat-offender tracking because available studies elucidate that much less impact have been achieved by traditional countermeasures. This root word therefore aims at examining the various technological measures that have been adopted to track repeat offenders, with a particular understanding that this is an area that has no t been intensively investigated into as compared to other scientific insights into crime aberration. Furthermore, this paper will move from policy identification to the myriad challenges in operational requirements as they are faced by law enforcement agents.The main objective is to pose at a conclusion that would give some viable recommendations that would assist or contribute to reduced future victimization to the general public and increase general community safety. Some examples of repeat offences and tracking technologies that will be highlighted include red light running and red light cameras impaired parkway as a result of alcohol influence and breath tests gadgets DNA database tracking GPS- Global Positioning Satellite technology and repeat sex offenders among other capital offences.There has been a profound global increase of electronic monitoring and tracking technology legislation within the last decade as a further repeat and future offenses prevention measure. In 2006 in America for example, legislation authorizing or requiring wide

Film Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Film - Assignment ExampleThis movie will definitely be an extremely valuable content for inclusion in our course and it will immensely benefit the students in the understanding and adopting measures to combat the problem. Engaging the students with assignments based on the series will help them further in appreciating the complexities. This merchantman prompt them to work on creating aw atomic number 18ness about the problem in their families as hale as communities and such measures can go a long way in preparing the society in a better way to encounter the issue.The Bogalusa summation Study, touted as the first of its kind that autopsied children to find evidence of heart disease, confirms that 20% of them had eke out deposits and excessively manifested high blood pressure and cholesterol level (Chaykin 2012). This also is the first scientific evidence that fat deposits involved in heart disease can be present in children (Chaykin 2012). The most unique point is that it contin ued for over 40 years, following more than 16000 children into their adulthood (Chaykin 2012). The study has further established that about 77 percent of the participants in the research are found to be obese as adults. Besides, it reveals that over 50% of Bogalusa children are obese, which is a matter of significant worry. Overall, this research has been the only one of its kind and can set an example for and guide future studies on obesity as well as other diseases.When the weight of a person increases, body fat accumulates around the middle and, as a result, changes occur in blood pressure and cholesterol levels. However, these changes may not be easily discernible for a person to understand it in the normal course. However, unattended, the problems may end up in cardio-vascular diseases and may cause death. More importantly, for the first time, the Bogalusa research shows that

Ethics and Compliance Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics and Compliance Paper - Essay ExampleThe go with in addition ensures abiding by the codes of ethics through the set integrity standards.In its quest to comply with the companies stated code of ethics, Pepsi- cola makes the financial report purchasable to the shareholders for evaluation of their financial performance. The company believes in operating under strict ethical standards while ensuring accountability to customers and shareholders. The ethics in the Pepsi cola financial environs are initiated through the maintenance and presentation of financial statements to the board of directors (Reinemund, 2003).The has Internal control committees that govern and ensure production of the right financial reports on time. The company has insights on the compliance of financial regulations through the expertise in different departments and assistance from the internally controlled systems. In ensuring ethical behavior within the company, the audit department reports any issues co ncerning the internal quality of the board, which in turn subjects the reports to financial professionals. The company stresses the need of performance with purpose hence delivery of sustainable growth. Pepsi Cola in complying with their ethical standards they have worked hard in reducing carbon footprint and by giving back to the society. Pepsi cola also ensure that the employees have the pick of healthy living in that they believe in giving back to the society increase and improve their performance. They have also invested a lot in ensuring that the environment is not polluted by the companies hence reduction in packaging weights and water

NCI corporation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

NCI corporation - Assignment ExampleThis is the brink NCI corporation already had the capability to produce for the casket marketplace. On the other side, the traditional margin for manufacturing the caskets was about 23%. On average, 23% is the operating margin NCI Corporation previously incurred for the new product.The increase in the number of discounters in the casket market results to reduced prices of caskets. , the margin increases with the increase in the casket suppliers in the market. The discounters such as the whole dealrs, retailers, and other manufacturers do not incur the similar costs incurred by the funeral homes. Therefore, they sell the caskets cheaply and still make a profit because there are low production costs involved. In addition, the discounters sell caskets in whopping scale thereby enjoying the economies of scale.The number of caskets, I will sell to the different object purchasers depend heavily on the respective buying price the target buyer will off er. I will provide 50 Caskets to the funeral homes. This will be the highest number of caskets I would like to sell. To the retailers, I expect to sell most 60 caskets while the wholesalers will get around 100 caskets.To achieve the figures, I assumed a constant 40 % margin and particular scratch for each purchaser target. For instance, I assumed $ 500,000 profit in the case of funeral homes, $ 180,000 profit in the case of the retailers and $ 250,000. In addition, I assumed $ 50,000 net income, $ 120,000 peachy expenditure and investment return worth $ 250,000.1. There are various risks associated with NCIs entry into the casket selling. First, the firm risk losing all the retrenched workers. Secondly, involvement in the new business is risky since neither Roger nor his adviser knows about the marketing of the products. Lastly, the firm risks getting customers for her products since nobody in the business knows the targeted consumers for the caskets.2. The firms sale will increa se at the rate of diminishing

The federal budget deficit Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The federal official budget dearth - Research Paper ExampleThe US budget picture has evolved through leaps and bounds. The current federal deficit for the government went down by 37% from the previous classs pictures. The decline in the pecuniary deficit shows improvement in the economy. But is the decline in the deficit figure enough for the economic longevity and prosperity? What factors can help in improving the deficit picture of the country? We will conduct an analysis to comprehend the federal budget deficit situation and find answers to the above questions. The US deficit has non always been in a bad shape with the 19th century showing surplus figures and holding deficits only during wartime. Initially the deficit was very small with numbers peaking in the World War 1 and 2. During the 1960s till the 1990s there can be seen a solid increase in the deficit. The deficit crossed the ten percent GDP barrier owing to the crises that hit the economy in the year 2008. The movem ent of the federal deficit can be seen from the graph below (Usgovernmentspending.com, 2013) Now looking at the deficit scenario one take to understand the current market implications and the forecasted figures of the federal budget deficit. The federal government took in $680 billion less revenue than it spent, or about 4.1 percent of gross domestic product. In 2012, those numbers were $1.087 cardinal and 6.8 percent of GDP. That means the deficit fell a whopping 37 percent in one year. (Irwin, 2013) The reason behind the figures for the year 2013 is the increase in the government receipts due to the high payroll taxes that are a result of the increased income. The effect of this is the decrease in expenses is terms of unemployment insurance benefits that reduced with the improving economy. The US economy has cut its fiscal tail in order to achieve the results. But one can argue that the decline in the federal deficit is very rapid. The austerity measures taken by the government has taken a deficit that was 4.5% in the first quarter of the this fiscal year to a 3% when the figures were published at the year-end. According to many economists the drastic measures by the government cannot improve the economy in the long run. The economy call for to grow at a steady pace keeping all its factors of production in line, leading to a better and positive growth of the country. Goldmans projections mention that simply allowing the economy to grow will result in significant deficit reduction without painful spending cuts. (Carter, 2013) Comparing the US economy with Greece and the ilk shows that the position of the economy is not alarming but a fixture is required in the near future. The President has laid a budget that does not tackle the federal budget deficit in its entirety he has set a commission in order to obtain ideas as to bridging the feast between the public revenue and expenditure in a more than meaningful manner. The effects of these changes have to be long term. The economy needs more than just an yearly decrease in the federal budget deficits. The decrease in the figure is good but not enough for long-term survival of the fittest of the economy. The recent shutdown of the government offices show that deep down the picture is not that simple and although the economy has recovered from the downfall and crunch much needs to be done before it is stable in terms of growth and activity. The changes in the US economy are evident with improved standard of aliment and better job opportunities in the country. But along with the positives

Parmenides and Heracleitus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Parmenides and Heracleitus - Essay ExampleA surprising amount of what we feel we know about the world today, and the way in which we assure the nature of the world around us, was actually shaped by the ideas and designs brought forward for discussion by the ancient Greek philosophers. Although their ideas have been modified and added to over the millennia since their foremost recording, the views of these philosophers helped shape the avenue of investigation and thus our concept of our role in the physical plane. Two of these philosophers, Heraclitus and Parmenides, introduced two opposing schools of thought regarding the nature of the physical world, each influencing the thoughts and actions of two more widely known philosophers, Socrates and Plato. Heraclitus proposed that everything around us was in a continual state of flux while Parmenides believed change was nothing barely an illusion. To understand how their philosophies differed and how they affected Socrates and Plato, i t is necessary to understand the position of each man and how he came to his conclusions. Heraclitus based much of his knowledge of the natural world on his concept that everything is in constant flux between one state of being and another. According to Plutarch, Heraclitus holds it impossible to go into the same river twice no more suffer you grasp mortal being twice so as to hold it. So sharp and swift is change it scatters and brings together again, not again, no nor later on even while it is being formed it fails, it approaches, and it is gone

As I lay dying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

As I lay dying - Essay ExampleDarl is not only a deep thinker, but very observant youth.(Wagner 1973) He immediately emerges as a unique character with what might amount to clairvoyance . Early on the reader is aware of this when Darl describes his younger brother Jewel who is behind him. He is able to discern thatJewel, fifteen feet behind me, looking straight ahead, steps in a single stride through the window. Still staring straight ahead, his pale eyes like wood set into his wooden face, he crosses the stem in four strides.(Faulkner 2000 p3)Be that as it may, Darl appears to be the sharper of the Bundrens and his philosophical nature may have confined him to a somewhat dreamy existence. objet dart he says little, he is often times engaged in deep thought. It is indeed ironic that for a boy who has little to say, Darl conducts at least cardinal monologues throughout Faulkners As I Lay Dying.What you want, Darl? Dewey Dell said, not stopping the fan, speaking up quick, keeping ev en him from her. He didnt answer. He undecomposed stood and looked at his dying mother, his heart too full for words. (Faulkner 2000 p 26).It is the fear of the power associated with Darls clairvoyance that ultimately accounts for his familys decision to get out him to a mental institution. Darl alienates himself from the community and others fear getting too close to him. The fear is grounded in their k outrightledge that he will learn some ugly, hush-hush truth. A truth they do not wish to share with others. It is ultimately this fear that drives his family to have him committed to an institution for the mentally impaired by the eat up of the novel. Darls detachment and estrangement from his family after his mothers death is explained by Darl in the following passageIt is as though the space betwixt us were time an irrevocable quality. It is as though time, no longer running straight before us in a diminishing line, now runs

MTV'S real life show does not present the true life of Saudi Arabia Essay

MTVS real life show does not present the true life of Saudi Arabia - Essay ExampleThe documentary as a whole does not portray the true picture of Saudi Arabia. Fatima represented herself as a woman who give the bouncenot have a job at all. She is shown to be working towards the launch of a new business of colored Abayas. An Abaya is a cloth that Saudi women wear on top of their clothes when they come bring push through to work, schools, hospitals etc. Although she is not against the Abaya itself, she wishes to produce some in a variety of colors other than faint. Fatima also highlighted some of the inhibitions of the culture saying that women are prevented from ride bicycles in the streets, despite the fact that a lot of places cater to bicyclists of both genders just like here in the United States. As will be seen, some of her contentions do not hold true.Firstly, colored Abaya has been in existence for a long time, and women have been wearing it for the length of its existence . Saudi women wear black for chastity similar to nuns in the United States. Nuns wear black clothes with white lines akin to Saudi women who make their Abayas black in color piece of music matching it with others. Fatima seemed disinterested in finding the key to her problems. Her resolve was more towards simply being heard instead of actively seeking a solution. When she visited the American producer, she laid down false facts in front of them, facts that would shock them. Her aim was to make a commercial for her business for people who watch American TV. Her experience of the black Abaya is self-evident, she understands it to be part of her culture, but promotes it instead as a religious restriction, knowing full well that opposition to her colorful Abaya, as with anything out of the norm, would be expected. If she genuinely believed it to be a problem of the society that needed addressing, she would have spoken in the language of the people of her society, so that everyone rece ives the message and can communicate their assent or

Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Business Environment - Essay ExampleThis essay stresses that the fundamental grow of the UK administration is to attain high and steady stages of enlargement and service and the case for amalgamation financial and fiscal Union. It is termed as EMU, will be criticized against this criterion .It has been hold on all beas that at that place is a legitimate in addition to the financial measurement to the discussion on the subject of a probable UK last to link the third phase of Economic and Monetary Union and consequently accept Euro as the code money used in the United Kingdom. And also, the sectors in which foreign investments are concentrated are finance and insurance, restaurants and hotels, and manufacturing units. As employment opportunity of the people is more, investment made by them wills also increase.This paper makes a conclusion that fashion fabrics manufacturing unit in UK one of most important aspect about global business as compared to local business is the stage of risk and responsibility that it entails. Although the UK textiles industrialized segment has contracted more than the years. Global business is always a high risk venture since ownership are not able to exercise due controls that could be possible in the domestic business. The business environment deals with the whole business processes and the surroundings of the company which forms them straightly and indirectly. Also, there is a strong interrelationship between the organization and business. Appropriate strategic plan must be made on the basis of the current trends in the market to cope up with the environmental change.

'Energy infrastructure often involves cross-border mega-development Essay

Energy infrastructure often involves cross-border mega-development projects. International law is equipped to get across with the env - Essay ExampleDeveloped countries invest in developing countries for their own interest while this results beneficial for the host country too.1 During this entire process of open a new dynamism project cross borders, the number of problems and issues atomic number 18 countless. Sometimes this mega qualification project faces challenges and creates issues on a global level.2 These may allow in environmental, human, social, political issues etc. To overcome and to respond to these issues as they may threaten themselves and the world is very important. In this regard world-wide laws are designed so as to maintain and ensure that proper scheme and strategy is being followed and that there are no threats and the project will non in each way harm the environment or humans or any other factor of that country or the world. This paper is aimed to stu dy the effectiveness of the international environmental laws and the challenges faced by the energy mega projects cross borders. Moreover the paper will also discuss their effects on the environment and human lifecycle.3 forrader launching or planning any energy-mega development project on cross borders, the owners, the engineers, and the project managers have to go through all these policies and laws so as to ensure that their project is in accordance with all the legal laws and regulations and will in no way harm or destroy the environment or human challenges. This will also decrease the chances of failure of the project.4 Mega Energy Projects and International Laws Mega energy projects are one of the most influential entities in the domain of sparing growth for any country in the modern world. The utilization of energy in the age of industrialization has immensely increased and it has become a emergency to develop any country in the economic system of the world.5 The need of e nergy in order to maintain the development is fulfilled by several(prenominal) energy projects. These energy projects include dams, hydro power plants, gas pipelines and several more to its list.6 The globalization has congealed each aspect of this world in which all the states are interlinked with each other with the relationship of dependency. Due to globalization, cross border energy projects were firstly introduced which are considered as popular diplomatic agreements among states. The cross border energy mega projects are considered to be the significant force of diplomatic alliances and economic growth for all of the agreed states involved in any certain energy mega project.7 These energy mega projects are not independent of laws on the basis of which the economic growth is evitable. International laws are those laws which involve the common consent of numerous states and nations upon it.8 It is a pit of rules which is accepted and generally regarded as the binding force betw een the nations, even those which are involved in any kind of dispute. International law does not only work as the mediator between the disputed parties that are the public and the stake holders of energy mega projects but also as the regulator in this diplomatic act.9 The set of international law contains numerous legislations regarding human rights, environmental laws, laws regarding sovereignty and several other laws which are based on past disputes and judicial decisions.10 Cross border energy mega projects often involves more than two states in which international law comes to play its intrinsic role to mediate the consent among the nations. The link

Marketing research Exploring University of Leicester Students' Essay

Marketing research Exploring University of Leicester Students Perception of Healthy Eating and Food Consumption - Essay causeSocial Factors 11 3. Consumption Pattern 12 3.1. Involve In Purchasing 12 3.2. use of goods and services of Vegetables and Fruits 12 3.3. Fat Intake 13 3.4. Intake of Fish and Meat 13 3.5 Consumption of Organic Food 13 References 15 Bibliography 19 Appendix 20 Evaluation of enquiry Design 1. Research Paradigm The research paradigm selected for this study has been interpretive. The interpretive research is chosen owing to different reasons. One of the primary reasons behind its selection is that this approach, unlike irrefutable approach deems that reality and the individual who observes it cannot be distinguished. On the opposite hand, the positivist approach believes that the reality is separate from the individual who observes it. The positivist approach is often blessed for its dualistic nature. Interpretative approach is also ascertained to provide an in-depth perceptiveness of the complex world of human experience from their beliefs and perspectives. This approach is further consistent with the twirl of the social world characterised by the interaction between the researcher and the participants (Andrade, 2009). Hence, the rationale behind selecting interpretive approach is that the study has aimed at attaining opinions regarding the healthy eating and victuals consumption habit. In this context, the opinions and beliefs cannot be quantified or measured, thus exploratory research has been chosen for this study. The exploratory research facilitates in drawing valuable insights regarding concept, people or any particular situation (Max head, 2008). Correspondingly, this study has intended at ascertaining deep insights regarding the participants perception on healthy eating and food consumption. While on the other hand, conclusive research particularly involves obtaining and analysing specific data to address particular specific questions (Dr. Nancy D. Albers-Miller, n.d.). Furthermore, inductive research has been adopted in this research study. Unlike deductive research, inductive research involves generalising the observations such as the factors that motivate participants to purchase and consume certain specific food items, which is not feasible with the use of deductive method acting (University of Pretoria, n.d.). Secondary research had been initially conducted in order to comprehend that further research is required. Moreover, secondary research had been undertaken as it was convenient to identify the known factor with the use of secondary sources. The qualitative research was conducted as the tool for primary research (Church, 2001). The qualitative research was selected in order to gain reliable understanding regarding the behaviour of the participants for uncovering the motivations behind purchasing and consuming certain categories of food items (Roller, 2011). At the same time, ad-hoc research a pproach was adopted in this study as this study involved identifying certain specific problem that was hard to generalise. While longitudinal approach was omitted as this approach requires longer time as well as it is more complicated and expensive in nature (Yee & Niemeier, 1996). 2. Data Collection Methods Data collection is an important procedure for any research in order to ensure the validity and reliability of the research study. It is thus crucial to select the most appropriate method of data collection. Correspondingly, focus group has been use in this study. The focus group is adopted so that more in-depth understanding regarding the perceptions, attitudes, beliefs and experiences could be

Sheltering the Deep Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sheltering the Deep - Essay Examplethe use of a phrase or sound out with application of humour in order to empathise different meaning or different uses of the rule books that sound the same or are a like (James 4). In the article, the author uses pun in different paragraphs like, underwater canyon, bottlenose whales. In this phrase, she uses bottlenose whales to make sure that the readers understand the meaning of the word whales. Another pun used is the underwater communities. Another example of a pun in the article is the illustration of rich waters. She is trying to pardon about the birds that uses water to find food and applies pun for the reader to understand. Assonance is also applied in the report in different parts. In many another(prenominal) sentences, the author repeats vowel e and i in different sentences. She has used narrowed and swallowed in the same sentences stating that after the lagoon narrowed then plain become shallower. Alliteration is used where by she sa ys, race

Life on Earth Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Life on Earth Worksheet EssayTaxa to explore Elephants.1. critical review terms (write definitions for these terms)ExtantSpecies, families, or groups still in existenceExtinctSpecies, families, or groups no longer in existence, end or died out genetic constitutionGenetic make-up of an organismPhenotypePhysical attributes of an organism, observable or measurable traits SynapomorphySh ard characteristic that are inherited from most recent rough-cut themeBackground There are three extant species of elephant Elaphas maximus (Asian elephants), Loxodonta afri chiffoniera (African elephants), and Loxodonta cyclotis (African forest elephants). Their taxonomic hierarchy is as followsKingdom animal kingdomPhylum Chordata sieve MammaliaOrder ProboscideaFamily ElephantidaeGenus ElaphasSpecies maximusKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder ProboscideaFamily ElephantidaeGenus LoxodontaSpecies africanaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass MammaliaOrder ProboscideaFamily Elephant idaeGenus LoxodontaSpecies cyclotis2. Collect an image of each species. You will submit these as a farewell of your assignment. ( larn full assignment instructions)3. Looking at these pictures, can you think of any EXTINCT animal or animals that might be a close sexual intercourse of modern elephants? List it/them below. If you know the scientific give (genus and species) then you can put that. If you arent quite sure, just give the common name.Mammoth4. immediately think about EXTANT taxa. Identify 2 animals that you might expect to be the closest LIVING relative to the elephants. List it/them below. If you know the scientific name (genus and species) then you can put that. If you arent quite sure, just give the common name.Possible Relative APossible Relative B lean HyraxManatees5. For the closest EXTANT relatives, what characteristic(s) of that animal or its habitat led you choose it as probable closest relative? (consider geographic location, size, haoma, behavior etc). Be specific.Characteristics of Animal ACharacteristics of Animal B-found across Africa and the Middle East-typically live in groups-has a prominent touch of long, pointed tusk-like upper incisors -In males, the testes are permanently abdominal-thick, wrinkled skin-Females claim two teats, one under each flipper-teeth growing at the rear are continuously replaced passim lifeNow to the science Follow the link below to read about some of the extinct relatives of elephantshttp//palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Elephants/firstelephants.html6. How were the phenotypes of ancient proboscideans dissentent from those of extant elephants?The ancient proboscideans differ from those of extant elephants because they have multiple pairs of molars and premolars, they do not possess tusks, and they retain canines on the upper jaw.7. base on the information in the web-site, where did the early proboscideans learn? The early proboscideans evolved from Africa.More derived proboscideans (not ancient, but not extant either) also had a very different geographic distribution than elephants todayhttp//palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Elephants/extinct_taxa.html http//palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Elephants/mammoths.html8. Which localities seem most move and why?North and South America because these locations were once abundant with these animals, such as mastodons, while having most of the animals originate fromthe other side of the world.9. Identify 4 synapomorphies that are shared between ALL of these extinct and extant taxa.1.Tusks2.Incisors and molar teeth3.Trunk4.Four column-like legsMolecular organic evolutionIn extant species, relationships can also be reconstructed ground on DNA Think back to your best guesses of the closest EXTANT relatives of the modern elephants.Look at the .pdf named Afrotheria. The phylogeny described in this paper is based on molecular data (similarities in DNA sequences)10. Based on that phylogeny, write in the sister taxon (taxon A) to Prob oscidea. Give the ball name.Taxon A or Sirenia Proboscidea11. Write in the taxon (taxon B) that is sister to the clade composed of (Proboscidea + Taxon A). Give formal nameTaxon B orTaxon A Proboscidea Hyracoidea12. Perform an internet search for these two taxa and find out their common names. What are their common names? Describe each.The common name for Sirenia is Sea Cow. Sea cows are fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that appear fat. They have forelimbs used for steering and a tail used for paddling. The common name for Hyracoidea are hyraxes. Hyraxes are well-furred animals with short tails and have poor sexual temperature regulation.What was your thought/reaction upon discovering what these creatures are? My thought reaction was how can animals that look nothing alike be similar to an elephant if they visually look different.Believe it or not, there are morphological (phenotypic) similarities as well as dietary and behavioral similarities between all of these taxa. BEFORE m olecular data was available, scientists already hazard that these groups were closely related. The DNA evidence only helped to confirm the relationships. Well do more on that in a moment.13. Search the web to find at least two non-molecular synapomorphies between each of your modern taxa and the elephants (be specific)Animal 1 nameRock HyraxesRock Hyraxes are furry and have the soles of the feet with large, soft pads that are kept moist. Manatees have paddle like flippers and a snout.Animal 2 nameManatees14. Which of the features you listed are more likely to survive in the fossil get in? Explain why.Most likely to survive in the fossil record is the snout because it consists of the bones of the jaw which are very good for becoming fossils.15. Which are less likely? Explain why.Less likely are the fur, soft pads at the feet, and the paddle-like flippers because all are more prone to decay rapidly because of macrocosm soft structures. The flippers are also more prone to not preser ving quickly therefore eaten or broken down by aerobic microbes.Now for moleculesTo see the actual molecular data used to create the phylogeny you saw, select the .pdf named mammoth and sea cow.16. Go to page 409. Dots mean the base pair (A, C, T or G) is the same as is listed in the taxon thats at the top (this saves ink). Now compare the sequences for the African elephant and the Asian elephant in just the top row of page 409.How many molecular digressions do you see in the sequence shown?There are 8 molecular difference in the sequence.How many molecular differences do you count between the African elephant and the hyrax?There are 11 molecular differences between the African elephant and the hyrax.17. Based on anatomy alone (without the molecular evidence), would you have guessed that the animals in photos above represented the closest living relatives of elephants? Why or why not?Honestly, based on the anatomy alone, I would not have guessed that the animals represent close rel atives of the elephants because of the physical anatomical characteristic they have. Most animals can have similar anatomy with slight differences that contribute to their survival in an environment. Initially, I thought that the animals had similar characteristics only because of natural selection and adaptation of their environment not becauseof their common ancestor. This shows how molecular evidence can really help in seeing what animals belong in what lineages.

The End of Western Roman Empire Essay Example for Free

The End of Western papistical pudding stone EssayThe roman print Empire, mayhap the strongest, most evolved and most consistently fascinating conglomerate has been the subject of historical research and discourse than every other empires that the history of the world has seen. Its birth and its rise was a complex process involving a deal of factors that came together to create a super-power the world had never seen its disapprove more complex free. It is difficult for historians and researchers to pin down the exact chief reason of its decline and high clear(p) the one major cause that led to the downfall of the giant. From foreign invasions to incompetent emperors, from interior strife to crippled economy all have been cited metre and time again as the real culprits. The views are vast and varied and always historically supported by facts from the annals of history. However, the causes of roman type decline still remain debatable. Wickham (184) and Gof farthert (1981 ) have grappled with the issue of roman print decline in their own separate ways. While the former has recounted the changing economy of the Empire as a chief cause among many, the latter has listed foreign invasions as a major culprit.Wickham, in his article The Other Transition From the Ancient World to Feudalism has show the slow but sure changes in the sparing fabric of the Roman society as it neared its downfall and the impact these changes had on the social, political, national and ideological front. The Roman Empires shift from an empire that thrived on taxes, to an empire that became dependent on the feudalistic system of governance for its sustenance, is the prime focus.Wickham has analyzed the underlying economic currents that shaped the Roman governance, and ultimately the Roman society, and c oncentrated solo on the economic process of change and its implications. The mode of production of the Roman Empire was perhaps one of the most important tantrums in its econo my and its shift from the slave traditions to serfdom and tenancy had deep ramifications. The writer has referred to a valid point once raised by Bloch who discussed how the number of slaves in the Roman Empire did undeniably increase during the great wars of the fifth to sixth centuries A.D but the increase in the number of slaves did non necessarily lead towards increased number of slave plantations. These slaves were primarily forced to participate in wars instead and the view that growing thraldom in fifth and sixth century must naturally point towards a strengthening of the slavery structure is essentially flawed. In the early stages of development, capital of Italy had become an exploitative state by nature where the government wealth came to be collected from tributes and taxes from cities, neighbouring states and the general public.This gradually true into what Wickham calls a wholesale receipts network coupled with slave plantations. By the end of the third century howe ver, slave plantations had disappeared and the agrarian production depended more on tenants and the feudal mode of production. However, the Roman Empire, with its mind-boggling vastness, still depended on taxes for its support rather than land rents or serfdom. The dominant source of surplus extraction in the late empire was not rent, but tax. Taxation commanded the economy and was the economic foundation for the Roman State.By the fifth century however, things began to take a slow but decisive turn. The get gentry, and even the general public for that matter, came under increased pressure as heavy taxes were imposed to not just take care of wartime expenses resulting from skirmishes with the Barbarians, but overly to fill the pockets of the urban governments. The private land owners realized that the Roman patronage was too expensive as armies, bound to offer protection against the Barbarians, began to lose estate and military expenses bloated. Peasants too began to adopt rent- paying to powerful land-owners as opposed to paying taxes directly to the State.Wickham writes, Benefits from the state had never justified the weight of taxes in the eyes of peasants, and nor did they any longer for landlords. Hence, both the peasantry and the aristocrats sought holiday resort in a system that saved them from the back-breaking weight of taxes. When the aristocracy lost interest in the state and developed their own preoccupations, maintaining a feudal system on their lands, the state suffered enormously and when not supported by the peasantry a group equally wary of gross systems, the Roman Empire felt the reverberations.Walter Goffart (1981), on the other mountain, focuses on an only different aspect of Roman decline in his work Rome, Constantinople, and the Barbarians. He admits, and sufficiently cites respected historians to strengthen his case, that the rise of Christianity and the Barbarians had undeniable, deep impact on the last few centuries of the gr eat Rome and elects to focus on only one aspect out of the two. In Goffarts opinion, the Barbarians put Rome in a complex quandary, yet it was the Romans who shaped the relationship and dictated the terms on which the rough-cut encounters were formulated.For Goffart, it is crucial to understand the dynamics of the Roman-Barbarian relationship by viewing it from the Roman side of the border. It is important to keep in mind, points Goffart, that the Barbarians were never ill-equipped to handle the Roman Empire and had continuously and with single-minded determination inflicted heavy damages to the vastly superior Roman army, yet it was the Roman Empire itself that gave them numerous openings to inflict losses.Gaining advantages from the internal strife and the preoccupation of the Emperors with politics and inner problems, the Barbarians shrewdly targeted an army that though well-equipped and colossal, was still insufficient to safeguard the vast borders. In addition, the mounting ex penses of the armies made emperors loath(p) to unleash brutal force on the war-mongering Barbarians as they realized that the tax-payers might be unable or unwilling to pay for wars on the frontier.In addition, as internal strife and rebellion increased, Barbarians were promptly active by either the Emperor or the usurper to fight the wars on their behalf as Goffart comments, Political competitors invariably occupied a higher place on the agenda than alien enemies barbarians were the natural allies of emperors and usurpers alike in their fratricidal struggles for power. Interestingly Goffart claims that the ability of the barbarians to assert themselves hinged far less upon their strength and wishes than upon the response that the Roman government could make to them in the short and long run. Even though addressing the causes of the fall of the Roman Empire is a common concern for both historians, it is the approach taken by them that differs. Where on the one hand Wickham believ es that the shift in the economic setup of the Roman Empire from revenue-based governance to feudal form of governance brought about major changes and somehow contributed to the decline, Goffart, on the other hand swears that the long winding, never ceasing strife with the barbarians chipped away at the roots of the powerful empire.Admittedly, both agree that the causes delineated by them individually are not the sole ones but chief reasons among countless others. Both writers insist that the decline of the great empire was a slow process and was brought about gradually rather than suddenly. For them, destruction of an empire as vast as the Roman Empire could not have possibly been a sudden incident brought about by calamities or foreign aggression. Both have laid accent on the importance of social, cultural, geopolitical and economic changes brought about by changing internal or external realities to be the real culprit.For the historians, the system of governance and the mindset s of the popular opinion elite had a lot to do with the decline and waning of glory. For instance, discounting the importance of increasingly aggressive neighbours, internal strife, palace conspiracies or agrarian instability as sole causes, the writers hold that the last nail was hammered down by the supreme powers and their critically strategic mistakes, as in the words of Goffart, The critical element, however, was neither Gothic strength nor deficient Roman means it was a scale of imperial priorities in which the repose of the many had an absolute preference over the sanctuary of a few. Where on the one hand, both the historians have relied on famous classical historians such as Polybius, Cassius Dio, Herodian, Tacitus etc. , they have on the other hand cited extensively respected contemporary scholarship on the Roman history. Historians such as Piganoil, Haverfield, Haller and Dannenbauer, Hindess and Hirst, Perry Anderson and Finley etc. all are generously cited to support t he theses. It is interesting to note of hand that the reasoning employed by both historians is uniquely independent as they have drawn their own conclusions and at times chosen to take entirely differing views from previously accepted notions.For instance, Goffart claims that the common perception that the barbarians migrated towards the Mediterranean as a means of escaping the unfriendly Baltic regions is a flawed perception based solely on misguided views and shaky historical claims. The writer has also stressed on the need for objective analysis and has expressed open approbation of Sulpicius Severus, a much less noted historian, over the more widely respected Polybius, as a more dependent source. Both writers have shed light on issues hitherto neglected and taken a decidedly different stand on issues.Negating the widely held belief that the barbarians were in a way answerable for Roman downfall, Goffart insisted and proved by means of historical evidence that it was in fact th e weakness and procrastination of the Emperors, who chose to first give precedence to warring with usurpers and rebels and employed the same barbarians in their internal strife instead of taking a stronger stand and not settling with cutting off portions of the territory in status of shaky peace.It was not the barbarian aggression, as is widely believed, that the Romans could not stand but their own errors that weakened them. Accounting the shift from the tax system to the feudal system, Wickham has demonstrated a fresher insight into the long-held and cemented perceptions regarding the economic realities of Rome between the third till the sixth century.Pointing out how the peasants began to avoid state taxes and sought refuge in the feudal system, Wickham has demonstrated the break that happened between the state and the aristocracy, as they now adopted the feudal system as undoubtedly profitable for them.ReferencesGoffart, W 1981, Rome, Constantinople, and the Barbarians Author, The American Historical Review Vol. 86, No. 2, pp. 275-306. Wickham, C 1984, The Other Transition From the Ancient World to Feudalism Author, Past and Present, No. 103, pp. 3-36.